2022考研英语备考：阅读解题技巧-词义句意题

考研英语阅读中，词义句意题一直是大多数同学感到头疼的一类题目。这类题目往往是对超纲词的一个考察，所以要求同学们通过对上下文的理解，去猜测词义句意从而得出答案。但是对于这类题目我们也不是完全没有方法，在做词义句意题时，最关键的就是准确的寻找到“语义标志”。

(英一2005年text 2)(Para. 4)Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research—a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.

28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, Para. 4)?

[A] Endless studies kill action.

[B] Careful investigation reveals truth.

[C] Prudent planning hinders progress.

[D] Extensive research helps decision-making.

识别出这是一道词义句意题之后，我们首先回到原文中，寻找定位句内有无语义标志，这时我们关注到表示“语义一致”的特殊标点符号，即破折号。

之后，我们确定了语义标志，知道破折号起解释说明的作用，我们只需要理解破折号前面的句子，其次进行选项匹配。

最后，将“Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research”翻译为“他们没有制定行动计划，而是继续要求进行更多的研究”。A选项，endless studies≈moreresearch，kill≈instead of，action为原词，正确选项即为A选项。

(英二2010年text 1)(Para. 3)In the weeks and months that followed Mr. Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.

22. By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable” (Para. 3), the author suggests that ______.

[A] collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions

[B] people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries

[C] art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent

[D] works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying

这道题是一个句意题，首先我们定位回原文之后，发现定位句中既没有指代表示与上文的联系，也没有其他语义标志。但是我们不难发现，定位句的位置在段落首句，因此我们可以利用总分的语义一致关系，利用下文理解定位句。

下一句中出现了指代“that”表示与上文的联系，其次还出现了重要的“meant”，由此我们可以确定，下一句和我们题干定位句的语义一致关系，只需要理解下一句就可解题。

“In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms.”翻译为“在艺术界，这意味着收藏家远离画廊和销售室。”，匹配选项A，collector是原词，no longer activelyinvolved≈stay away，art-market auctions约等于galleries and salerooms，是和原文的同意替换加原词复现，即正确答案。